Allameh Tabataba’i University Strategic Recommendations for  Administrative Bodies

Allameh Tabataba’i University Strategic Recommendations for Administrative Bodies

Issues and Challenges of Financing in Iran's Economy

Author
Department of Theoretical Economics, Allameh Tabataba'i University
Abstract
Financing, as the foundation of economic growth, employment, infrastructure development, and government fiscal sustainability, is considered one of the most significant structural bottlenecks in Iran's economy, and its enhancement necessitates transitioning from a sectoral perspective to an "integrated financing system" approach. The presented analysis indicates that the core issue is not merely a shortage of resources, but rather inefficiency in the linkage among the money market, capital market, insurance industry, public budget, and external resources, which has led to reduced effectiveness and increased inflation-generating nature of financing. A tangible gap between savings and investment, government crowding out in absorbing banking resources and the decline of the non-state sector's share, excessive pressure on the banking system, the non-non-inflationary nature of financing methods, the government's unsustainable reliance on oil revenues, and the accumulation of non-productive assets are among the identified central challenges. Furthermore, high financing costs, weak transparency, the persistence of unorganized money markets, alongside the impacts of sanctions on absorbing oil revenues and foreign financing, add to the complexity of the issue. The proposed strategy emphasizes formulating a roadmap for an integrated financing system with objectives such as reducing crowding out, strengthening the capital market share, lowering costs, enhancing transparency and integrated oversight, developing Islamic financial instruments, and expanding public-private partnerships in infrastructure projects, introducing it as an essential axis of development planning.
Keywords